What was tanzania a colony of

Family Tree. From FamilySearch Wiki. Tanzania Wiki Topics. Colonial Records. This website requires a paid subscription for full access. Category : Tanzania. From the beginning the Germans attempted to apply the system of indirect rule to the territory, but found that the communal character of social organisation and the general absence of large scale state formation militated against this.

While governing through traditional structures where they could, the Germans were forced to improvise; sending Muslim Swahilis and Arabs from the Coast to act as chiefs Mpangala In order that the colony be made to pay its own way as quickly as possible, crops such as sisal, cotton and rubber were introduced over the next two decades, while the growing of peanuts, sesame, coffee and cobra were stimulated Columbia Encyclopaedia a, History World undated.

Communications with the interior were opened up through the development of railway lines from Dar es Salaam to Tabora in the north east and then from there to Ujiji on Lake Tanganyika and from Dar es Salaam to Moshi in the North. To ensure a supply of cheap labour for the new plantations the Germans resorted to forced labour extractions Columbia Encyclopaedia a, History World undated.

The German colonial authorities promulgated a series of decrees converted all lands without title deeds, virtually all land in the Colony, into state owned land which formed the legal basis for the alienation of land for the agricultural and related enterprises, especially along the coast and in the north Okoth-Ogendo To suppress the rebellion the German military resorted to scorched earth tactics, destroying villages, crops and stored food through the swathes of the country affected by the revolt History World undated.

The rebellion collapsed in the face of widespread famine and anything between 75 and even is mentioned people died in the fighting and of starvation. The south-east became a wasteland, overrun by bush and reclaimed by the tsetse fly Columbia Encyclopaedia a, History World undated, US State Department He instructs his troops to move through the country destroying crops, removing or burning any grain already harvested, and putting entire villages to the torch.

It is estimated that about , Africans die in the resulting famine. Meanwhile Karl Peters , the originator of this colony, has in been tried and convicted in a Potsdam court for brutal offences committed in Africa. They include his response to the suspicion that one of his servants may have slept with his African mistress. The young girl is flogged and then both are hanged. These scandals shock Berlin sufficiently for reforms in colonial policy to be hastily put in place.

But any likely benefit is cut short by the onset of World War I. After the end of the war the treaty of Versailles, in , grants Britain a League of Nations mandate to govern the former German East Africa - which now acquires a new name, Tanganyika. British policy from the s onwards is to encourage indigenous African administration along traditional lines, through local councils and courts. By then local political development is an obligation under the terms of UN trusteeship, in which Britain places Tanganyika in During the s a likely future leader of Tanganyika emerges in the person of Julius Nyerere.

Son of a chief, a convert to Roman Catholicism while studying at Makerere college in Uganda, then an undergraduate for three years in Edinburgh university, Nyerere returns to Tanganyika in From the start its members feature prominently in elections to the legislative assembly. When independence follows, in , Nyerere becomes the new nation's prime minister. In Tanganyika adopts a republican constitution and Nyerere is elected president.

In Nyerere reaches an agreement with Abeid Karume , president of the offshore island of Zanzibar which has been so closely linked in its history to the mainland territory of Tanganyika. The two presidents sign an act of union, bringing their nations together as the United Republic of Tanzania. Nyerere becomes president of the new state, with Karume as his vice-president. Nyerere, by instinct an idealistic socialist, guides his country along lines which often have a utopian touch.

Local self-sufficiency is emphasized. Traditional and simple solutions are sought for local problems rather than relying on technological foreign imports. Great importance is placed on education and literacy, in which excellent results are achieved. Nyerere declares his political creed in a document of known as the Arusha Declaration.

This announces the introduction of a socialist state and is accompanied by the nationalization of key elements in the economy. On 9 December , Tanganyika became an independent republic and became known from then on as Tanzania. In , it became a one party state under Julius Nyerere, following Nyerere's ideologically-driven policy of socialism.

The effects of this can still be seen in present-day Tanzania, however, efforts have recently been made to stimulate the economy.